Asbestos-Felt Paper: Understanding the Risks and Removal

Asbestos-felt paper, also known as asbestos tar paper, was a common building material used throughout the 20th century. This material, often found under roofing shingles, siding, and even as a layer in flooring, poses a significant health risk due to the presence of asbestos fibers. Knowing how to identify, assess, and safely handle asbestos-felt paper is crucial for homeowners, renovators, and anyone working with older structures.

What is Asbestos-Felt Paper?

Asbestos-felt paper is a type of building paper composed of a mixture of asbestos fibers and organic materials, primarily felt. The asbestos fibers, which are incredibly small and durable, were added for their strength, fire resistance, and water-proofing properties.

This material was widely used in construction for several decades, particularly in: Roofing: As a moisture barrier under asphalt shingles, it prevented water from penetrating the roof deck.

Siding: It was used as a vapor barrier under wood or other types of siding, helping to prevent moisture build-up within the walls.Flooring: Some older flooring applications included asbestos-felt paper as a layer beneath the subfloor for moisture protection and sound insulation.

Why is Asbestos-Felt Paper a Concern?

The primary concern with asbestos-felt paper lies in the presence of asbestos fibers. These fibers are extremely hazardous when inhaled because they can become lodged in the lungs, leading to serious health problems such as:Mesothelioma: A rare and aggressive cancer affecting the lining of the lungs, chest, and abdomen.Lung Cancer: Asbestos exposure significantly increases the risk of lung cancer.Asbestosis: A chronic lung disease characterized by scarring and inflammation, leading to difficulty breathing.

Exposure to asbestos fibers can occur through several ways: Disturbance: Activities like demolition, renovation, or even minor repairs can release asbestos fibers into the air if asbestos-felt paper is disturbed.

Weathering: Over time, asbestos-felt paper can become brittle and break down, releasing fibers into the surrounding environment, especially during windy conditions.Neglect: If asbestos-felt paper is left exposed and unmaintained, it can deteriorate and release fibers.

Identifying Asbestos-Felt Paper

Identifying asbestos-felt paper can be challenging, especially if it's hidden under layers of other building materials. Here's what to look for:Appearance: Asbestos-felt paper typically appears as a dark gray or brown, somewhat rough-textured sheet. It may have a distinct fibrous appearance, although it's not always easy to see individual fibers.Location: It's frequently found under roofing shingles, siding, and flooring. Age: Structures built before 1980 are more likely to contain asbestos-felt paper. However, it's important to note that asbestos-felt paper could have been used in later construction, particularly in certain regions.Caution: Never rely solely on appearance to determine if a material contains asbestos. The only definitive way to confirm the presence of asbestos is to have it tested by a qualified laboratory.

Does Roofing Felt Contain Asbestos?

The question of whether roofing felt contains asbestos depends on the age of the material and its origin. Before 1980, many roofing felts contained asbestos. However, since the 1980s, asbestos has been largely phased out in roofing materials due to its health risks. To be sure, it's best to have any old roofing felt tested for asbestos before disturbing it.

What Does Asbestos Paper Backing Look Like?

Asbestos paper backing, typically used for flooring, is similar in appearance to roofing felt. It's generally a dark gray or brown material with a rough texture. However, the exact appearance can vary depending on the specific composition and the degree of weathering. If you suspect you have asbestos paper backing, it's critical to consult with a qualified asbestos professional.

What Does Asbestos Flooring Felt Look Like?

Asbestos flooring felt, sometimes called asbestos building felt, is used as a moisture barrier and sound insulation under flooring. It usually looks like a thin, dark gray or brown sheet with a fibrous texture. If you suspect your flooring contains asbestos, it's essential to have it tested by a qualified professional.

Does Old Roofing Felt Contain Asbestos?

The possibility of old roofing felt containing asbestos is a valid concern. While modern roofing felts use alternative materials, older roofing felt often contained asbestos. If you're unsure about the composition of your roofing felt, it's highly recommended to have it tested for asbestos before attempting any repairs or replacements.

Asbestos-Felt Paper Removal: A Professional Approach

Removing asbestos-felt paper requires specialized training, equipment, and safety protocols to minimize the risk of exposure. DIY removal is strongly discouraged. Instead, hire a licensed asbestos removal contractor who has the expertise to:Safely Contain the Area: The contractor will properly enclose the work area using negative air pressure systems and other safety barriers to prevent asbestos fibers from escaping.Properly Handle and Dispose of the Material: The removal process must adhere to strict regulations for handling and disposal of asbestos waste.Thoroughly Clean the Area: Following removal, the work area will be thoroughly cleaned to remove any residual asbestos fibers.

Important Considerations Before Removal

Before removing asbestos-felt paper, it's essential to: Consult with a Professional: Consult with a licensed asbestos removal contractor to assess the situation and determine the best course of action.Obtain Necessary Permits: Obtain any required permits from your local municipality.Inform Your Neighbors: Notify your neighbors about the asbestos removal process, especially if it involves work that could potentially affect their property.Consider Your Health: If you have any health concerns, especially respiratory issues, it's crucial to discuss them with your doctor before any asbestos removal work is done.

Managing Asbestos-Felt Paper: Safe Alternatives

If you have asbestos-felt paper in your home, it's important to take steps to manage it effectively: Leave It Alone: The safest approach is to leave the asbestos-felt paper undisturbed, especially if it's not in a high-traffic area or prone to damage.Encapsulate It: In some cases, encapsulating the asbestos-felt paper with a sealant can help prevent fiber release. Consult with a professional for this option.Replace It: If the asbestos-felt paper is damaged or poses a significant health risk, consider replacing it with a non-asbestos alternative.Remember, proactive measures are key to mitigating the risks associated with asbestos-felt paper.

Conclusion

Understanding the risks of asbestos-felt paper is crucial for homeowners and anyone working with older structures. Proper identification, safe removal, and responsible management of this material are vital steps in ensuring the health and well-being of everyone involved. Always consult with qualified professionals to assess your specific situation and implement the best course of action. By taking a proactive approach, you can minimize the risks associated with asbestos-felt paper and protect yourself and your family from the dangers of asbestos exposure.

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